Leonard Bernstein (1918–1990) was an American conductor, composer, and pianist, best known for his work as the longtime music director of the New York Philharmonic and for composing West Side Story. His has become synonymous with Carnegie Hall, having appeared at the Hall nearly 450 times in a multitude of roles, including conductor, pianist, composer, and educator. A charismatic figure in classical music, he was also a passionate educator and advocate for the arts.